This is a biotechnology subjects series. As previously studied biotechnology definition, scope, and
importance. Today I will be talking about medical biotechnology. Medical biotechnology is the use of
living cells and cell matter for research and pharmaceutical production of diagnostics and therapeutics for disease testing and prevention. Medical technology advancement has a great impact on millions of lives in the past and present. To cure diseases vaccines are developed by pharma industries and research protocols have been developed by a team of scientists of various specialists like molecular biologist, microbiologist, biochemist, and biotechnologist, and so on. During the Ebola virus outbreak in West Africa in 2014 to comprehensively mapping human DNA, the biotech industry is reaching heights.
Some of the latest technologies for biotech industry grow as:
1. Stem cell research: Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that are capable of developing into cellsthat serve numerous functions in different parts of the body. These differentiated cells have a
specific purpose in a particular organ. As we all know red blood cells are specific for carrying oxygen
through the blood. According to the Mayo clinic, potential uses of stem cells could be:
• To grow new cells in a laboratory for replacing damaged organs or tissues
• Stem cells can correct parts of organs that are not working properly
• Study of genetic defects in cells
• Stem cells help to understand the way how diseases occur or why few cells develop into cancer
cells
• These also help in testing new drugs for safety and effectiveness
2. Monoclonal antibodies for treatment: It is one of the best parts of biotechnology development for
developing their own humans' ability towards the immune system to beat diseases. This research in the 1970s, and now there is the standard treatment of serious illnesses. Basically, monoclonal antibodies are lab produced molecules that are engineered to serve as substitute antibodies for enhancing or mimicking the immune system's attack on cancer cells”. They can be an alternate therapy for chemotherapy.
3. Genome sequencing: One of the current and future technologies is genome sequencing. In 1999,
researchers were able to map the complete DNA sequence of human chromosome 22, it is the golden time in genomics when complete human chromosome 22 is sequenced. From this, we can sequence diseased DNA and understand disease patterns and try to develop new treatment possibilities.
4. Gene therapy drugs: These gene therapy drugs are recently developed to hope too many suffering from genetic diseases that can be cured. The U.S. Food and drug administration in 2017, approved a new gene therapy treatment for rare diseases, like an inherited form of blindness. Luxturna and CAR T-cell therapy are the best examples of gene therapy drugs.
This medical biotech industry is developing 20 percent through 2026, with more than 71,000 jobs. In view of this, clinical diagnosis is increasing which will improve the way of biotech research. Any person can start working as a healthcare professional after completing graduation or post-graduation in medical-related subjects.
By:
Dr.Anubha Dubey INDEPENDENT RESEARCH
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(With input from news agency language)
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